WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW: What is pseudogout? Pseudogout is a type of arthritis. It is also called calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPDD). Pseudogout causes calcium crystals to form in cartilage and collect in fluid called synovial fluid that surrounds joints. The crystals damage the cartilage and can cause swelling that leads to pain in the joint. This is called a flare. Pseudogout usually affects large joints, such as in the knee. What increases my risk for pseudogout? - Age older than 50 years
- Joint trauma or surgery
- A family history of gout or arthritis
- High blood levels of calcium or iron, or low levels of magnesium or phosphate
- Dehydration
- A medical condition such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, or osteoarthritis
What are the signs and symptoms of pseudogout? - Sudden, severe pain in one or more joints
- Swollen, red, warm, painful joints
- Stiff joints in the morning that loosen as you move around
- Reduced range of motion in the joint
- Pain and swelling that lasts up to 2 weeks and that return after periods of no pain or swelling
- Fever
- Joints that become deformed over time
How is pseudogout diagnosed? Your healthcare provider will take a sample of fluid from your affected joints. The sample will be tested for calcium crystals. You may also need x-rays or a CT scan so your healthcare provider can look for calcium deposits in the cartilage. X-rays or an ultrasound may also be used to check for joint damage. How is pseudogout treated? The crystals cannot be removed. The goal of treatment is to reduce pain and swelling, and to maintain joint function. Treatment may also help prevent gout or rheumatoid arthritis. - NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, help decrease swelling, pain, and fever. This medicine is available with or without a doctor's order. NSAIDs can cause stomach bleeding or kidney problems in certain people. If you take blood thinner medicine, always ask your healthcare provider if NSAIDs are safe for you. Always read the medicine label and follow directions.
- Medicine may be given to reduce severe swelling or pain. Medicines may also be used to prevent gout or rheumatoid arthritis.
- Aspiration is a procedure used to drain fluid from around the joint. Your healthcare provider may also inject steroid medicine into the joint after aspiration. Steroids reduce swelling and may relieve pain.
- Surgery may be used to replace a joint if you develop severe damage to the joint.
What can I do to manage pseudogout? - Rest your painful joint so it can heal. Your healthcare provider may recommend crutches or a walker if the affected joint is in a leg.
- Apply ice to your joint. Ice decreases pain and swelling. Use an ice pack, or put crushed ice in a plastic bag. Cover the ice pack or bag with a towel and apply it to your painful joint for 15 to 20 minutes every hour, or as directed.
- Elevate your joint. Elevation helps reduce swelling and pain. Raise your joint above the level of your heart as often as you can. Prop your painful joint on pillows to keep it above your heart comfortably.
- Go to physical or occupational therapy as directed. A physical therapist can teach you exercises to improve flexibility and range of motion. You may also be shown non-weight-bearing exercises that are safe for your joints, such as swimming. Exercise can help keep your joints flexible and reduce pain. An occupational therapist can help you learn to do your daily activities when your joints are stiff or sore.
- Drink liquids as directed. Liquids help prevent dehydration. Ask how much liquid to drink each day and which liquids are best for you.
When should I seek immediate care? - You have severe joint pain that you cannot tolerate.
- You have a fever or redness that spreads beyond the joint area.
- Your joint pain and swelling do not go away, even after treatment.
When should I contact my healthcare provider? - You have new symptoms, such as a rash, after you start treatment.
- You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.
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