Cotinine measurement

Mathews F, Smith R, Yukdin P, et al: Are cotinine assays of value in predicting adverse pregnancy outcome. Ann Clin Biochem 1999; 36:468-476.

Carabello RS, Giovino GA, Pechacek TF, et al: Racial and ethnic differences in serum cotinine levels of cigarette smokers: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991. JAMA 1998; 280(2):135-139.

Wall MA, Johnson J, Jacob P, et al: Cotinine in the serum, saliva, and urine of nonsmokers, passive smokers, and active smokers. Am J Public Health 1988; 78(6):699-701.